Hadith No: 2
Ibn Hibban - Sahih Ibn Hibban - Book of سير (Siyar)
Chapter on Spoils of War and Their Distribution - Mentioning the Reason for Which
the Chosen One (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) Used to Withhold
His one-fifth and the one-fifth of all Spoils of War
Volume: (11) - Page Number: (152)
4823 - Muhammad ibn Ubayd Allah ibn al-Fadl al-Kallai narrated to us in Homs, saying: Amr ibn Uthman ibn Sa'id narrated to us, from my father, from Shu'ayb ibn Abi Hamzah, from al-Zuhri, who said: Urwah ibn al-Zubair told me that Aisha informed him that Fatimah, daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), sent a message to Abu Bakr asking him for her inheritance from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) from what Allah had bestowed upon His Messenger. At that time, Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) was seeking the charity of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) in Medina, which included Fadak and what remained of the one-fifth from Khaybar. Aisha said: Abu Bakr replied, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) said, 'We do not inherit what we leave behind. It is a charity. The family of Muhammad (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) only eats from this wealth; they are not allowed to have more than sustenance.' By Allah, I will not change anything from the charities of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) from the state it was in during the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), and I will act in it as the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) acted." Thus, Abu Bakr refused to give Fatimah anything from it, and Fatimah felt wronged by Abu Bakr because of this, so she stopped speaking to him until she passed away, living for six months after the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny).
When she died, Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) buried her at night and did not inform Abu Bakr, and Ali prayed over her. Ali had the attention of the people while Fatimah was alive, but when she (may Allah be pleased with her) died, the people's attention turned away from Ali, and they began to ignore him, which caused Ali to feel despondent. In that state, Ali turned to reconciling with Abu Bakr and giving his allegiance, although he had not pledged allegiance during those months. He sent a message to Abu Bakr, asking him to come to them without anyone accompanying him. Ali disliked the idea of them being accompanied by Umar, knowing how strict Umar was with them. Umar said to Abu Bakr, "By Allah, you will not enter upon them alone." Abu Bakr replied, "What could they possibly do to me? By Allah, I will go to them." So Abu Bakr entered, and Ali stood and made a testimony of faith (shahadah). He then said, "We recognize, O Abu Bakr, your virtue and what Allah has granted you, and we did not envy you the good that Allah has bestowed upon you. However, you have taken it upon yourself in matters, and we believed we had a right." He mentioned their kinship to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) and their rightful claim. He continued to speak until tears streamed down Abu Bakr's eyes. When Abu Bakr spoke, he said, "By the One in whose hand is my soul, the kinship of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) is more beloved to me than my own kinship. As for what transpired between me and you regarding these charities, I did not intend anything but good in it, and I would not leave anything in it that I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) doing, except that I would do the same." Ali said, "Your appointment is this evening for the pledge of allegiance." When Abu Bakr prayed the noon prayer, he ascended the pulpit, made a testimony of faith, and mentioned the matter of Ali and his delay in giving allegiance, explaining his excuse. Then he sought forgiveness and made a testimony of faith, honoring the right of Abu Bakr. He mentioned that what he did was not out of envy of Abu Bakr or denial of his virtue, which Allah had bestowed upon him, but we believed we had a share in the matter, and you acted unilaterally. We felt this in our hearts." The Muslims were pleased with this, and they said to Ali, "You have acted rightly." The Muslims were close to Ali when he addressed the matter, calling for what is proper.