Ahle Bayt Repo

عربي

Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr Ibn Abi Quhafah

Hadith No: 1
Al-Mushaqis: The plural of al-Mushqis, with a kasra, is a wide-tipped spear used to hunt wild animals.
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani - Al-Isabah fi Tamiyiz al-Sahabah - Supplement to the Letter Meem
Second Section: Those Who Had a Vision - Meem followed by Haa - 8313: Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
Volume: (6) - Page Number: (193 / 194)
8313 - Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq: His lineage was mentioned earlier in the biography of his father, Abdullah ibn Uthman, and his mother, Asma' bint Umays al-Khath'amiyyah. He was born on the road from Medina to Mecca during the Farewell Pilgrimage, as established in the long hadith of Jabir recorded by Muslim.
Reference: Al-Isaabah Fi Tamyeez al-Sahaabah Book 6
Hadith No: 2
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani - Tahdhib al-Tahdhib - Letter M
Those Named Muhammad - Muhammad with the Letter B - 101: Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq
Volume: (9) - Page Number: (80/81)
101 - Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq al-Qurashi al-Taymi Abu al-Qasim al-Madani was born in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage. He narrated from his father marfu', and from his mother Asma' bint Umays. His son al-Qasim narrated from him. Ibn Yunus said: He came to Egypt as an emir appointed by Ali ibn Abi Talib and was entrusted with its prayers and taxes. He entered in Ramadan of the year (37), and it is said in Safar of the year (83). He was killed on the day of al-Misnata when the Egyptians fled, and it was said that he hid in the house of a woman from Ghafaq who sheltered him. Her brother had been searching for him, and he was pursued by Muawiya ibn Hudayj. The sister of the man who had sheltered him met them and, being of diminished intellect, thought they were looking for her brother. She said: "I can guide you to Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr on the condition that you do not kill my brother." They replied: "Yes," so she directed them to him. He said: "Spare me for Abu Bakr." Muawiya said: "You killed eighty of my people in the blood of Uthman, and I will let you go while you are his companion," and he killed him. Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Madani informed us of this matter from him, from Yahya ibn Bukayr, from al-Layth, from Abd al-Karim ibn al-Harith, in this and similar terms, mentioning him in relation to his father's pilgrimage in the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage. IqtlqzM dAfnn IobdY BAlInAIbn Abd al-Barr said in al-Isti'ab: Ali used to speak highly of him and prefer him because he had worship and diligence, and he was among the stalwarts of Ali on the day of Siffin. Ibn Hibban stated: It is said that Muhammad was killed in battle, while others say that Amr ibn al-As killed him after capturing him.
Reference: Tazheeb al Tahzeeb Book 9
Hadith No: 3
The Tabi'i: Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr as-Siddiq struck Uthman with a spear.
Ibn Kathir - al-Bidaya wa'n-Nihaya - Then the year thirty-five entered - Description of his killing (ra)
Volume: (10) - Page Number: (305)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- And Khalifah ibn Khayyat said: Ibn 'Aliah narrated to us, from Ibn 'Awf, from al-Hasan, who said: Rubab informed me, saying: Uthman sent me to call al-Ashtar for him. He said: "What do the people want?" I said: "Three things, none of which can be avoided." He asked: "What are they?" I replied: "They will give you the choice between two options: either to relinquish your authority over them and say, 'This is your matter, so choose what you wish,' or to take revenge on yourself. If you refuse, the people will fight you." He said: "As for relinquishing my authority, I would not remove a cloak that Allah has clothed me with. And as for taking revenge on myself, by Allah, if you kill me, you will not be treated with favor after me, nor will you pray together after me, nor will you fight together against an enemy after me, ever."
And a little man came, looking like a wolf, who peeked in from a door and then returned. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr came with thirteen men and took hold of Uthman's beard, pulling it forcefully until I heard the sound of his teeth clashing, and he said: "What has your alliance with Muawiya availed you? What has your alliance with Ibn 'Aamir availed you? What have your books availed you?" Uthman replied: "Release my beard, O son of my brother." Then I saw him seeking the help of a man from the group with his eyes, indicating and pointing to him, and the man stood up with a spear and struck him on the head. I said: "Then what?" He replied: "Then they struggled over him until they killed him."
Reference: Al-Bidaayah wa al-Nihaayah Book 10
Hadith No: 4
Ibn Kathir - Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya - Then the year 35 AH entered - Description of his (rahimahullah) murder
Volume: (10) - Page Number: (307)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- Saif ibn Umar al-Tamimi, may Allah have mercy on him, said: From al-‘Iyss ibn al-Qasim, from a man, from Khansaa, a freedwoman of Usama ibn Zayd, who used to be with Na'ilah bint al-Farafa'sah, the wife of Uthman: that she was in the house when Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr entered, seized him by the beard, and brandished some sharp objects in his hands, aiming them at his throat. He said: "Easy now, my nephew, for by Allah, you are taking hold of him in a way your father would never have done." Then he released him and turned away, feeling ashamed and regretting his actions. The people confronted him at the door of the Suffa, and he held them off for a long time until they overwhelmed him, then they entered, and Muhammad emerged, returning. A man approached him with a twig in his hand, leading them, until he stood over Uthman and struck his head with it, causing a wound that bled, dripping his blood onto the Quran and staining it. Then they took turns attacking him. A man came and struck him on the chest with a sword. Na'ilah bint al-Farafa'sah al-Kalbiya jumped up, screamed, and threw herself onto him, saying: "O daughter of Shaybah, will the Commander of the Faithful be killed?" She took the sword and tried to defend him, but the man cut her hand off, and they looted the belongings of the house. A man passed by Uthman, his head with the Quran, and kicked his head, pushing it away from the Quran, and said: "I have never seen a face of a non-believer more beautiful or a lying non-believer in a more honorable position than today." He said: "By Allah, they left nothing in his home, not even the cups, without taking it."
Reference: Al-Bidaayah wa al-Nihaayah Book 10
Hadith No: 5
Ibn Kathir - Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya - Then the year thirty-five entered - Description of His (RA) Death
Volume: (10) - Page Number: (307)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- And Al-Hafiz Ibn Asakir narrated that when Uthman (RA) resolved to ask the people of the house to leave and only his family remained with him, they scaled the walls of the house, burned the door, and entered upon him, and there was no one among them from the Companions or their children except Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr. Some of them got to him first and struck him until he fell unconscious, and the women cried out: So they were startled and fled. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr entered, thinking he was already dead, but when he saw that he had regained consciousness, he said: "What religion are you on, O Na'thal?" He (Uthman) replied: "I am on the religion of Islam, and I am not Na'thal; I am the Commander of the Faithful." Muhammad said: "You have altered the Book of Allah." Uthman replied: "The Book of Allah is between me and you." Then he advanced towards him, took hold of his beard, and said: "We will not be able to claim on the Day of Resurrection that we were misled by saying:{ Our Lord, we obeyed our masters and the leading men among us, and they led us astray from the way. }" (Surah Al-Ahzab 33:67) He pushed him with his hand from the house to the door of the courtyard, saying: "O son of my brother, your father would not have taken my beard." And a man from Kindah among the people of Egypt, nicknamed the Donkey and known as Abu Ruman, came. Qatadah said: "His name was Ruman." Others said he was blue-eyed and fair-haired. It was said that his name was Sudan ibn Ruman al-Muradi. Ibn Umar reported: "The name of the one who killed Uthman was Aswad ibn Humran, who struck him with a spear while holding a drawn sword in his hand." He continued: "Then he came and struck him in the chest with it until he was incapacitated, then he placed the tip of the sword in his belly, leaned on it, and pressed down until he killed him." Na'ilah stood before him, and he cut off her fingers with the sword (RA). It is narrated that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr stabbed him with a skewer in his ear until it entered his throat, but the correct view is that it was someone else who did this, and he felt ashamed and retreated when Uthman said to him: "You have taken hold of a beard that your father used to honor," so he felt remorse about it, covered his face, and returned, standing as a barrier before him, but it was of no avail. And the matter of Allah was a decreed fate, and it was written in the Book.
Reference: Al-Bidaayah wa al-Nihaayah Book 10
Hadith No: 6
Ibn Sa'd - al-Tabaqat al-Kubra - The Statement on the First Class, namely the Bedriais among the Emigrants and the Helpers
Classes of the Bedriais among the Emigrants - and from Banu Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusi
Mention of Uthman ibn Affan - Mention of What Was Said to Uthman Regarding the Abdication and What He Said to Them
Volume: (3) - Page Number: (73)
2880 - He said: Isma'il ibn Ibrahim narrated to us, from Ibn Awn, from al-Hasan, who said: Wathab informed me, and he was among those who witnessed his emancipation by the Commander of the Faithful, Umar, and he was before Uthman, and I saw marks of two thrusts on his neck as if they were branding marks, received by him that day at the House of Uthman. He said: Uthman sent me to call for al-Ashtar, and he came. Ibn Awn said: I think he said that a cushion was placed for the Commander of the Faithful and another for him. He said: O Ashtar, what do the people want from me? He said: Three things, none of which you can avoid. Uthman asked: What are they? He replied: They are giving you the choice between abdicating your authority to them and saying, "This is your matter," then they can choose from it what you will, or you can cut your hair. If you refuse these two, then the people will fight you. Uthman said: Is there no avoiding any of these? He replied: No, there is no avoiding any of them. Uthman said: As for abdication, I would not relinquish a cloak that Allah has clothed me with. Another said: By Allah, I would prefer to step forward and have my neck struck than to abdicate the Ummah of Muhammad, some of them over others. They said: This is more in line with Uthman's words. Uthman continued: As for cutting my hair, by Allah, I know that my two companions before me were being punished, and neither could stand in retaliation. As for you killing me, by Allah, if you kill me, you will never love one another again, nor will you pray together after me, nor will you fight an enemy together after me. Then he stood up and left. We stayed there and said: Perhaps the people will disperse. Then a man appeared, looking like a wolf, and he looked in through the door, then returned and Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr came with thirteen men until he reached Uthman, took hold of his beard, and said: "This will not help you," until I heard the sound of his teeth grinding. Then he said: "What good has Mu'awiyah done for you? What good has Ibn Amir done for you? What good have your books done for you?" Uthman replied: "Release my beard, O son of my brother! Release my beard, O son of my brother!" He said: Then I saw one of the men from the group inciting another to help him, and he stood up to him with a sharp stick and struck it on his head. Uthman then said: "Stop!" He said: Then they all became enraged, by Allah, and killed him. May Allah have mercy on him.
Reference: Al-Tabaqaat al-Kubra Book 3
Hadith No: 7
Ibn Sa'd - Tabaqat al-Kubra - The Statement on the First Generation, Comprising the Badriyyun from the Emigrants and the Helpers
Classes of the Badriyyun from the Emigrants - And from the Banu Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusayy
Mention of Uthman ibn Affan - Mention of What Was Said to Uthman Regarding His Abdication and What He Said to Them
Volume: (3) - Page Number: (73)
2881 - He said: Muhammad ibn Umar narrated to us, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd al-Aziz from Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Abd al-Aziz that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr scaled the wall to confront Uthman from the house of Amr ibn Hazm, accompanied by Kinana ibn Bishr ibn Utaab, Sudan ibn Humran, and Amr ibn al-Hamaq. They found Uthman with his wife Nailah, reading from the Quran in the Surah al-Baqarah. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr stepped forward and took hold of Uthman's beard, saying: "Allah has disgraced you, O Nithael!" Uthman replied: "I am not Nithael, but a servant of Allah and the Commander of the Faithful." Muhammad said: "What has your relationship with Muawiya and so-and-so benefited you?" Uthman replied: "O son of my brother, let go of my beard. Your father could not grasp what you are grasping." Muhammad responded: "I mean to you something more significant than merely holding your beard." Uthman said: "I seek victory from Allah against you and rely on Him," and then he stabbed Uthman in the forehead with a sharp object in his hand. Kinana ibn Bishr ibn Utaab raised the sharp objects that were in his hands and stabbed Uthman in the base of his ear, and they went in until they pierced his throat. Then he struck him with a sword until he killed him. Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd al-Aziz said: I heard Ibn Abi 'Awn say that Kinana ibn Bishr struck Uthman's forehead and the front of his head with an iron rod, and he fell to his side. Sudan ibn Humran al-Muradi struck him after he fell to his side and killed him. As for Amr ibn al-Hamaq, he jumped on Uthman, sitting on his chest, still having some strength left, and stabbed him nine times. He said: "Three of these stabs are for Allah, and the other six are because of what was in my heart against you."
Reference: Al-Tabaqaat al-Kubra Book 3
Hadith No: 8
Al-Tabarani - al-Mu'jam al-Kabir - al-'Asharah - the Mention of Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) - Uthman's Age and Death (may Allah be pleased with him)
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (82)
116 - Narrated to us by Sulayman ibn al-Hasan al-It Taar al-Basri, who said: Abu Kamil al-Jahdari narrated to us, saying: Isma'il ibn Ibrahim narrated to us, from Ibn Awn, from al-Hasan, who said: Wathab informed me, and he was one of those who witnessed Uthman's (may Allah be pleased with him) emancipation, and he used to stand between Uthman and the people. He said: Uthman sent me to call al-Ashtar to him - and Ibn Awn said, I think he mentioned that a cushion was placed for the Commander of the Faithful and another for him - and he said: "Al-Ashtar, what do the people want from me?" He replied, "Three things, you have no way to avoid any one of them." Uthman asked, "What are they?" He said: "They want to choose between two options: to either relinquish your authority over them and say, 'This is your matter, choose whatever you like from it,' or to take punitive action against yourself. If you refuse these two, then the people will fight you." Uthman said, "There is no way to avoid any one of them." He reiterated, "There is no way to avoid any one of them." Uthman then said: "As for relinquishing my authority over them, I would not remove a robe I have donned." Al-Hasan added: "By Allah, I would prefer to advance and have my neck struck than to relinquish the authority over the ummah of Muhammad (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), some of whom are above others." Ibn Awn commented: "This is more akin to Uthman's words." As for taking punitive action against myself, then, by Allah, I know that my two companions before me were being punished, and my body cannot stand for retribution. And as for you killing me, then, by Allah, if you kill me, you will never be treated with favor after me again, nor will you fight an enemy together after me, ever." Al-Ashtar then stood up and went away. We remained, saying: "Perhaps when a man comes who looks like a wolf, the people will respond." Then Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr came with thirteen men until they reached Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). He held his beard and said: "With this," and "With this," until I heard the sound of his grinding teeth. He said: "What has Muawiyah, what has Ibn Amir, what have your own writings profited you?" Uthman replied: "Release my beard, O son of my brother! Release my beard, O son of my brother!" Muhammad then called a man from the crowd by name, and he approached him with a spear and struck him on the head with it. I asked, "Then what?" He replied: "Then they all conspired against him, by Allah, until they killed him."
Reference: al-Mo'jam al-Kabeer Book 1
Hadith No: 9
Al-Esfahani - Ma'rifat al-Sahabah - al-Asma' - Ma'rifat al-'Asharah al-Mashhud Lahum bil-Jannah
Uthman ibn Affan (ra) - Ma'rifat his Age, Governorship, Killing, Funeral Prayer, and Burial
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (67)
258 - Abu Hamid Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Jablah narrated to us, saying: Abu al-Abbas al-Thaqafi narrated to us, saying: Yahya ibn Ibrahim narrated to us, saying: Isma'il ibn Aliyyah narrated to us, from Ibn Awn, who said: Al-Hasan narrated to us, saying: Waththab informed me, and he was among those who witnessed the liberation of the Commander of the Faithful, and he would later be seen before Uthman. He said: A man came, looking like a wolf, and he peered in from the door then turned back and came with Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr and thirteen men until they reached Uthman. He grabbed his beard and said: "By this," until I heard the sound of his teeth grinding. Uthman replied: "Release my beard, O son of my brother. Release my beard," and I saw him preparing to complain to a man from the group with his eyes. The man stood up with a sharp object and stabbed him with it. I said: What then? He said: Then they began to rage, and by God, they killed him.
Reference: Ma'refat As-Sahabah Book 1
Hadith No: 10
Ibn Shahba al-Namairi - Tarikh al-Madina - The Account of al-Mughirah ibn al-Akhns ibn Sharq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1300)
- Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Isa ibn Yazid, from Abd al-Wahid ibn Umayr from Ibn Jurayj, the freedman of Umm Habibah, who said: I was with Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) in the house when I suddenly realized that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr had emerged, and we were saying: They are in the peace agreement. Then, people began to enter through the small door, lowering themselves with the ends of ropes from the wall of the house, and they had swords with them. So I threw my sword and sat on it, and I heard their shouts. Indeed, I could see a copy of the Quran in Uthman’s (may Allah be pleased with him) hand, with the redness of its hide, and Nailah bint al-Farafisah had loosened her hair. Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said to her: Take your veil, for by my life, their entering upon me is a greater violation than the uncovering of your hair. A man lunged at Uthman with a sword, and he defended himself with his hand, cutting off two of her fingers, and then they killed him and exited, shouting Allahu Akbar. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr passed by me and said: What is wrong with you, servant of Umm Habibah? Then he continued on, and I left.
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 11
Ibn Shabah al-Namiri - Tarikh al-Madinah - The Account of al-Mughira ibn al-Akhns ibn Sharq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1301)
- Ali narrated to us, from Abu Zakariya, from Nafi, from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I was with Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) in his house on the day he was killed, and he was saying, "...O Abdullah, stand up and give them what they want." So I leaned over them and said: "I am Abdullah ibn Umar, and I will comply with all that you want." But they did not listen to me and entered. And Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr entered with them, wielding sticks, and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: 'Nephew, your father would not have entered upon me.' Muhammad replied: 'But now I am your nephew, and before, I was the son of the worst household in Quraysh.'" And he struck him with a stick in his neck muscles. And Sudan ibn Humran came and poked him with a spear in his hand.
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 12
Ibn Shabah al-Namirae - Tarikh al-Madina - The Report on al-Mughira ibn al-Akhnas ibn Shariq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1301)
- Ali ibn Abi al-Muqdam narrated to us from al-Hasan, who said: Wathab, the freedman of Uthman, narrated to me that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr stabbed Uthman (ra) with sharp tools in his neck veins.
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 13
Ibn Shabah al-Namiri - Tarikh al-Madinah - Report regarding al-Mughira ibn al-Akhnas ibn Shariq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1301)
- Ali narrated to us, from Abu Mukhnif from Abd al-Malik ibn Naufal ibn Musahhiq, who said: The Muhammadans who pressed against Uthman were: Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfah, and Muhammad ibn Abi Sabr ibn Abi Rahm. And Abu Ayyub was one of those who aided against Uthman (رضي الله عنه). So he wrote to Muawiyah (رضي الله عنه): "I have not come to you with something you will forget, for a woman does not forget the father she was excused from nor the one who killed her child."
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 14
Ibn Shabah al-Namiri - History of the City - The Account of al-Mughirah ibn al-Akhns ibn Sharq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1302)
- Ali ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Uthman ibn Abdul Rahman, from Muhammad ibn Shahab, who said: When midday came on Friday, there were only a few individuals left in the house of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), and it was said so - then al-Mughirah ibn al-Akhns ibn Sharq came, holding Uthman's Qur'an, and he was reciting it when someone entered upon him, having set fire to the door of the house. Uthman said, "What brings you to me? You are not my companion." The man replied, "And why not?" Uthman said, "Because you asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) on the day he divided the wealth of Bahrain, and he did not give you anything. You said, 'O Messenger of Allah, ask forgiveness for me since you did not give me.'" He replied, "Allah has forgiven you." So you turned to leave, and you were saying, 'This is more beloved to me than wealth.' How then can you have power over my blood after the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) forgiveness?" The man turned away, his hands trembling, and Ibn Abi Bakr stood ready to him. When he entered upon Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: "You were deserving of this." It was fitting for a man who wronged the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) that when he had a child born to him, he would perform 'aqiqah for him on the seventh day, shave his head, and then carry him to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) to pray for him and rub his gums. Indeed, Abu Bakr carried you to bring you to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), and you filled your clothes, so Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) felt shy to bring you close to him (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) in that state, and he returned you as you came. So you are my companion." And he grasped his beard and said, "O Na'thal!" The man replied, "What a vile position you have placed your hand in! If your father were in your place, he would have honored me by not placing his hand where your hand is." Then he lunged with some sticks he had in his hand toward Uthman's face, intending his eyes, but they fell short and struck his neck veins instead, while he continued to recite the Qur'an, a Qur'an in his lap - and he began to wipe away the blood, and whenever his palm was full, he would blow on it, saying, "O Allah, there is no seeker for this in the towers of Uthman until it mixes with his insides." Then Amr ibn al-Hamaq, Kunnana ibn Bishr, Ibn Ruman, and Abdul Rahman ibn Udayyis entered and surrounded him with their swords until they killed him. Then someone went out to the mosque and informed others of his death. A voice said, "I don't think you have done this, so go back." They returned - and Na'ilah bint al-Qarafisah had uncovered her head to try to stop them - and they charged in. She said, "O enemies of Allah, how can you not enter upon me when you have committed a great sin?" She seized the sword of one of them and yanked it, cutting off two of her fingers.
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 15
Ibn Shabba al-Namaari - Tarikh al-Madina - Report on al-Mughirah ibn al-Akhns ibn Shariq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1303 > 1306)
- Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn Sulayman and Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Rumadi narrated to us, saying: Hisham ibn Ammar ibn Nasir narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn Isa ibn Samii' al-Qurashi narrated to me, from Ibn Abi Zha'ib, from al-Zuhri, from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, who said: Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) looked out over the people while he was besieged and said: "Is Ali among you?" They said: "No." He said: "Is Sa'd among you?" They said: "No." So he fell silent and then said: "Let someone bring water." This reached Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and he sent him three skin-filled waterskins, but before they could reach him, several of the freedmen of Banu Hashim and the freedmen of Banu Umayyah were injured because of it until it arrived. And it reached Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that Uthman was being threatened with death, so he said: "We only wanted Marwan from him, but not his death." He said to Hasan and Husayn: "Go, risk your lives for me, until you stand at the door of Uthman's house, and do not let anyone approach him." Az-Zubayr sent his son, and Talha sent his son, against their will, and several of the companions of Muhammad sent their sons to prevent people from entering onto Uthman and asking him to bring out Marwan. When Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr saw this, he began throwing stones at the people around them until Hasan was stained with blood at their door, and Marwan was struck by an arrow while in the house, and Muhammad ibn Talha was stained with blood, and Qunbar was injured. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr feared that the Banu Hashim would be angered by the situation of Hasan and Husayn, so he took the hands of two men and said to them: "If the Banu Hashim come and see the blood on Hasan's face, they will push people away from Uthman and thwart what you want. But let's go around until we can climb over the house and kill him without anyone knowing." Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr and his companions climbed over from the house of a man from the Ansar until they entered upon Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him, and him be pleased). No one was aware of what was happening because all those with him were on the rooftops, so only his wife was with him. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr said to them: "Stay here until I start entering. When I latch onto him, you can come in." So when he saw Muhammad begin to interact with Uthman, he went in. His hand was reluctant, and the two men carried him, confronting him until they killed him. They left, fleeing from where they had entered, and his wife screamed, but her screams went unheard due to the commotion in the house. She climbed up to the people and said: "Indeed, the Commander of the Faithful has been killed." Hasan and Husayn entered with those who were with them and found Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) slaughtered, and they fell upon him, weeping. People entered and found him killed. The news reached Ali, Talha, and al-Zubayr, Sa'd, and those in the city, and they came out, their minds lost over the news that had reached them, until they entered upon him and found him slaughtered, and they uttered words of mourning. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said to his sons: "How could he be killed while you were at the door?" He struck Hasan and beat Husayn and reviled Muhammad ibn Talha and cursed Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr and went out in anger, seeing that Talha had aided in what had happened to Uthman. Talha met him and said: "What is it, O Abu al-Hasan, that you struck Hasan and Husayn?" Ali replied: "Is it not displeasing to you that the death of the Commander of the Faithful is caused by a man from the companions of Muhammad, one who witnessed the Battle of Badr, without any evidence or proof against him?" Talha said: "If Marwan had been handed over to us, he would not have been killed." Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If Marwan had been brought out to you, he would have been killed before you could establish any authority over him," and he returned to his home. And this is a narration full of confusion, with a chain of transmission that is considered weak, and its narrator, who related it from Ibn Abi Zha'ib, is not known. However, both Ibn Abi Zha'ib and those above him are strong.
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 16
Ibn Shabah al-Namiri - Tarikh al-Madinah - The Report on al-Mughira ibn al-Akhnas ibn Sharqeeq
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (1307)
- Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir narrated to us, who said: Abdullah ibn Wahb narrated to us, from al-Layth ibn Sa'd, who said: The hardest people on Uthman were the Muhammadans: Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfah, and Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm. Ibn Wahb said: And Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me that it was Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr who attacked Uthman with a spear, and Ruman ibn Sudan who killed him.
Reference: Taareekh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah Book 4
Hadith No: 17
Ibn Asakir - Tarikh Damishq (History of Damascus) - Letter 'Ayn
4619 - Uthman ibn Affan ibn Abi al-As ibn Umayyah ...
Volume: (39) - Page Number: (405 > 407)
- Abu al-Qasim ibn al-Samarqandi narrated to us, saying: Abu al-Husayn ibn al-Naqur narrated to me, saying: Abu Tahir al-Mukhlis narrated to me, saying: Abu Bakr ibn Sayeef narrated to me, saying: al-Sari ibn Yahya narrated to me, saying: Shu'aib ibn Ibrahim narrated to me, saying: Sayf ibn Umar narrated to me, from al-Ghusn ibn al-Qasim, from a man, from Khansaa, a freedwoman of Usamah ibn Zayd, who was with Na'ilah bint al-Farafisah [the wife] of Uthman, that she was in the house that day when Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr entered him and grabbed his beard, wielding a sharp tool in his hand to jab at his throat, and he said: "Easy now, son of my brother! By Allah, you are taking hold of him in a manner that your father would not have." So he left it and turned away, feeling shy and regretting. Then the people confronted him at the gate of the Suffah and kept them away for a long time until they overwhelmed him, and they entered, while Muhammad came out, returning. A man came to him with a palm branch in his hand, leading them until he stood over Uthman and struck his head with it, wounding him so that his blood dripped onto the Quran, staining it. Then they began to shout at him, and a man came and struck him on the chest with a sword, and he fell. Na'ilah bint al-Farafisah al-Kalbiyah sprang up, screaming, and threw herself onto him, saying: "O white-haired one! Will the Commander of the Faithful be killed?" She grabbed the sword, but the man severed her hand, and they looted the belongings of the house. A man passed by Uthman with his head alongside the Quran, struck his head with his foot, and pushed it away from the Quran, saying: "I have not seen today a more handsome face of a disbeliever or a more honorable lying of a disbeliever." By Allah, they left nothing in his home, not even cups, except that they took them. I read this to Abu Muhammad Abdul Karim ibn Hamzah from Abu Bakr al-Khatib, who said: al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn Ibrahim narrated to me, saying: Abdullah ibn Ishaq al-Baghawi narrated to me, saying: Ibn Abi al-Awwam narrated to me, from my father, from Yahya ibn Maymun al-Hadadi, from al-Harith ibn Umayr, from Ma'mar ibn Aqil, who said: An elderly man from the people of al-Sham, Abu Janab, narrated to me, and Raytah, a freedwoman of Usamah ibn Zayd, said: Usamah sent me to Uthman ibn Affan while he was under siege, and he said: "Go, for women are gentler in this matter than men. Go to him and say: Your nephew, Usamah, sends you greetings and says: I have [close relatives of mine here, and I have] mounts. If you wish, I can find you a way out of the house, and you can leave until you reach Mecca, to a people you can feel safe with," and that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) did this when he feared his people." She said: So I went to him with this, and he replied: "Give him my peace and mercy, and tell him: May Allah reward you, good nephew, with better than this. I would not leave the migration of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), his grave, and his mosque for fear of death." I went back and informed him. He remained for a few days, then said: "Woe to you! Return, for I do not see him except being killed." My entering him coincided with the arrival of the people, and Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al-Siddiq came, wearing a soiled cotton robe, and took hold of Uthman's beard, shaking it until he heard the grinding of his teeth against each other, and said: "O son of my brother, let go of my beard, for you are grasping what your father would find hard to hurt." I saw him as if he was embarrassed, and he stood up, using the edge of his robe." Thus, [a man came from behind Uthman with a fresh palm leaf] and struck his forehead with it. I saw blood flowing as he wiped it with his finger, saying: "O Allah, let no one seek retribution for my blood but You." Raytah said: And I saw them looting his house, with this one taking a garment, this one taking a mirror, and this one taking something else.
Reference: Tarikh e Damishq Book 39
Hadith No: 18
Ibn Asakir - Tarikh Damishq - Letter 'Ayn
4619 - Uthman ibn Affan ibn Abi al-As ibn Umayyah ...
Volume: (39) - Page Number: (408/409)
- Abu Bakr al-Farzi narrated to us, saying: Abu Muhammad al-Jawhari narrated to me, saying: Abu Umar ibn Hayyuwiya narrated to me, saying: Ahmad ibn Ma'ruf narrated to me, saying: al-Husayn ibn al-Fahm narrated to me, saying: Muhammad ibn Sa'd narrated to me, saying: Muhammad ibn Umar narrated to me, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd al-Aziz from Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Abd, that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr scaled the wall to Uthman from the house of Amr ibn Hazm, and with him were Kinana ibn Bishr ibn Utab, Sudan ibn Humran, and Amr ibn al-Hamq. They found Uthman with his wife Nailah, and he was reading in the mushaf in Surah al-Baqarah. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr advanced before them and took hold of Uthman's beard, saying: "May Allah humiliate you, O Na'thal!" Uthman replied: "I am not Na'thal, but I am a servant of Allah and the Commander of the Faithful." Muhammad said: "What has your cousin, Muawiyah, and so-and-so, and so-and-so, availed you?" Uthman said: "O son of my brother, leave my beard alone. Your father would not have been able to hold on to what you are holding." Muhammad replied: "I do not want to do anything to you that is worse than my holding your beard." Uthman said: "I seek help from Allah against you and ask Him for victory," and then he stabbed Uthman's forehead with a sharp object in his hand. Kinana ibn Bishr ibn Utab raised the sharp objects that were in his hand and struck Uthman at the base of his ear, and they pierced his ear until they entered his throat, and then he struck him with a sword until he killed him.
Reference: Tarikh e Damishq Book 39
Hadith No: 19
Al-Tabari - Tarikh al-Tabari - Then the year 35 entered - Mention of the report about his killing and how he was killed
Volume: (3) - Page Number: (73)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
1439 - And Muhammad ibn Umar mentioned that Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd al-Aziz narrated to him from Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr scaled the wall onto Uthman from the house of Amr ibn Hazm, and with him were Kinana ibn Bashir ibn Utab and Sudan ibn Humran and Amr ibn al-Hamq. They found Uthman with his wife Nailah, and he was reading in the Mus'haf from Surah Al-Baqarah. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr advanced and took hold of Uthman's beard, saying: "Allah has humiliated you, O Na'thal." Uthman replied: "I am not Na'thal, but I am a servant of Allah and the Commander of the Faithful." Muhammad said: "What good has it done you, Muawiyah, and so-and-so, and so-and-so?" Uthman said: "O son of my brother, let go of my beard. Your father would not have been able to grasp what you have grasped." Muhammad replied: "If my father had seen you doing these deeds, he would have disapproved of them, and what I want for you is more severe than grasping your beard." Uthman said: "I seek help from Allah against you and rely on Him," and then he stabbed Uthman's temple with a smoothing tool in his hand. Kinana ibn Bashir raised the smoothing tools that were in his hand and thrust them into the base of Uthman's ear, and they went in until they entered his throat. Then he struck him with a sword until he killed him. Abd al-Rahman said: I heard Abu Awn say that Kinana ibn Bashir struck Uthman's temple and the front of his head with an iron pole, and he fell to his temple. Then Sudan ibn Humran al-Muradi struck him after he fell to his temple and killed him ....
Reference: Taarikh al-Tabari Book 3
Hadith No: 20
Al-Dhahabi - Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafat al-Masha'ir wal-A'lam
Fourth Class: 31 :: 40 AH - Year Thirty-Five - The Murder of Uthman
Volume: (3) - Page Number: (242)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... And from Rayta, a freedwoman of Usamah, who said: "I was in the house when they entered, and Muhammad came and took Uthman's beard, shaking it, and said: 'O son of my uncle, let go of my beard so that it can pull away what is dear to your father that it should be harmed.' I saw him as if he were embarrassed, so he stood up and began to use the edge of his garment like this: 'Alas, go back.'" She said: And a man came from behind Uthman with a fresh palm frond and struck it on his forehead, and I saw blood flowing as he wiped it away, saying: "O Allah, let none seek retribution for my blood except You." And another struck him with a sword on his chest, causing him to stagger, and they exchanged blows with their swords, and I saw them looting his house."
Reference: Taarikh al islaam wa wafyaat al mushaheer wal a'alaam Book 3
Hadith No: 21
Al-Dhahabi - Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafat al-Mashahir wal-A'lam
Volume 4: 31 :: 40 AH - Year Thirty-Five - The Murder of Uthman
Part: (3) - Page Number: (242)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... And from Muslim ibn Abi Sa'id, who said: Uthman freed twenty slaves, then called for trousers and tied them around his waist, and he had not worn them in ignorance or in Islam. And he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) last night, along with Abu Bakr and Umar." He (the Messenger) said, "Be patient, for you will break your fast with us tomorrow," then he spread the Quran between his hands, and he was killed while it was before him. And Ibn Aun narrated from al-Hasan that Wathab, the freedman of Uthman, said: A figure came, looking like a wolf, and peeked in through the door, then returned. Then Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr came with thirteen men and entered until he reached Uthman. He seized him by the beard and shook him, until I heard the sound of his teeth grinding, and he said: "What has Mu'awiyah availed you? What has ibn Amer availed you? What have your books availed you?" Uthman replied, "Release my beard, O son of my brother." Then I saw him seeking out a man from the crowd to come against Uthman to assist him, and he stood over Uthman with a stick and struck him on the head, and then they all attacked him until they killed him.
Reference: Taarikh al islaam wa wafyaat al mushaheer wal a'alaam Book 3
Hadith No: 22
Al-Dhahabi - Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafat al-Mashahir wa al-A'lam
Volume 4: 31 :: 40 AH - Year Thirty-Five - The Murder of Uthman
Part: (3) - Page Number: (242)
- .... And al-Waqidi said: Abdul Rahman ibn Abdul Aziz narrated to me from Abdul Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Abd that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr scaled the wall of the house of Amr ibn Hazm over Uthman, and with him were Kinana ibn Bishr, Sudan, and Amr ibn al-Hamaq. They found him at Na'ila reading in the Mus'haf, so Muhammad advanced toward them, took hold of his beard, and said: "O Na'thal, Allah has humiliated you!" Uthman replied: "I am not Na'thal, but I am Abdullah and the Commander of the Faithful." Muhammad said: "What good has Muawiya and so-and-so and so-and-so done for you?" Uthman said: "O son of my brother, leave my beard alone. Your father could not grasp what you grasped." Muhammad replied: "What is intended for you is worse than my father's grasp," and he stabbed his side with a dagger. Kinana raised daggers and struck Uthman's ear with them, and they passed through until they entered his throat, then he struck him with a sword. Abdul Rahman ibn Abdul Aziz said: I heard Ibn Abi Awn say: Kinana ibn Bishr struck his forehead with a heavy iron rod, and Sudan al-Muradi struck him, killing him. Amr ibn al-Hamaq then jumped on him, still having life in him, and stabbed him nine times, saying: "Three of these are for Allah, and six are for what I hold against him."
Reference: Taarikh al islaam wa wafyaat al mushaheer wal a'alaam Book 3
Hadith No: 23
Al-Dhahabi - Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafat al-Masha'hir wal-A'lam
Volume 4: 31 :: 40 AH - Year Thirty-Five - The Murder of Uthman
Part: (3) - Page Number: (242 / 252)
- .... And the Egyptians came complaining about Ibn Abi Sarh, and he wrote to him threatening him, but he refused, and struck some of those who came to him complaining, and killed him. Then seven hundred men from the people of Egypt went out, and they settled in the mosque, complaining to the Companions about what Ibn Abi Sarh had done to them. Talha stood up and spoke to Uthman with strong words, and Aisha sent to him saying: "Be just to them concerning your governor." Ali entered upon him, being the spokesman of the people, and said: "They are only asking you for a man in place of a man, and they are claiming blood before him, so remove him and judge between them." Uthman replied: "Choose a man to replace him." They suggested to him Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, so he wrote his appointment, and with him went a number of the Emigrants and the Helpers to see what transpired between the people of Egypt and Ibn Abi Sarh. When Muhammad was three days' journey from Medina, they saw a young black boy riding a camel at speed. They asked him, and he said: "The Commander of the Faithful has sent me to the governor of Egypt." They said to him: "This is the governor of the people of Egypt," and they brought him to Muhammad and searched him, finding his bags rattling. They opened them, and in them was a letter from Uthman to Muhammad ibn Abi Sarh. Muhammad gathered the Companions from among them, then opened the letter and it said: "If Muhammad and so-and-so and so-and-so come to you, consider their killing permissible and invalidate his letter," and affirm it in your position. When they read the letter, they returned to Medina and gathered Talha, Ali, al-Zubayr, and Sa'd, and they opened the letter, leaving no one except that they were angry with Uthman. This only increased the anger and resentment of the supporters of Abu Dharr and Ibn Mas'ud and Ammar, and those individuals besieged Uthman while Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr rallied support against him from Banu Taym. When Ali saw this, he sent for Talha, al-Zubayr, and Ammar, then entered Uthman's presence with the letter, the boy, and the camel, and said: "This boy and camel are yours." Uthman replied: "Yes." He said: "And this is your letter." Uthman swore that he had neither written it nor commanded it. Ali said: "But the seal is your seal." Uthman said: "Yes." Ali said: "How can your boy and camel, with a letter bearing your seal, leave without your knowledge?"
Reference: Taarikh al islaam wa wafyaat al mushaheer wal a'alaam Book 3
Hadith No: 24
Ibn Khaldun - Tarikh Ibn Khaldun
The Discourse on the Generations of the Arabs, Their Primacy, the Differences in Their Classes, and Their Successions, and the Lineages of Each Class
The Third Class: Among the Arabs, namely, the Arabs Subordinate to the Arabs
And the mention of their Berber tribes, lineages, kingdoms, and what states they had, varying in
nature, as well as the nomads and travelers among them and their dominion - the expeditions
The Islamic Caliphate - The Siege of Uthman and His Murder (ra) and His Successor, and the Elevation of His Rank
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (596)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... And it is said regarding the siege of Uthman: that Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr and Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfah were in Egypt inciting others against Uthman. When the Egyptians emerged in Rajab, demonstrating for Hajj but secretly intending the killing or deposing of Uthman, they were led by Abd al-Rahman ibn Udayyis al-Balawi.
Reference: Tarikh Ibn Khaldoon Book 2
Hadith No: 25
Ibn Khaldun - Tarikh Ibn Khaldun
The statement on the generations of the Arabs, their origins, the differences in their classes, and their succession, as well as the genealogies of each class
The third class: of the Arabs, namely the Arabs who are subordinate to the Arabs
He mentioned their Maghrebis, their lineages, their kingdoms, and what states they had, varying in type, among them, and their nomads and wanderers - their conquests
The Islamic Caliphate - the siege of Uthman and his murder (may peace be upon him), and that of his companions, and the elevation of his rank
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (601/602)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... So he entered upon Uthman in the house and argued with him about abdication, but he refused. Then he left and another entered, and then another, all of them advising him. He would exit and part ways with the people. Then Ibn Salam came and admonished them. They were about to kill him and Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr entered and argued with him at length about matters unnecessary to mention, then became shy and left. Then the foolish ones entered and one of them struck him, and Na'ilah, his wife, fell upon him, shielding him from the blows with her hand. Then one of them struck her with a sword on her fingers, and they killed him. His blood flowed onto the manuscript, and his youths came and killed some of those murderers and other slain ones, and they looted what was in the house and what was upon the women, including Na'ilah. They killed some of the youths among them and others of the youths, then went out to the treasury and looted it. They wanted to cut off his head, but the women prevented them. Then Ibn Adiyyas said: "Leave it." It is said that the one who took charge of killing him was Kunana ibn Bishr al-Najibi, and that Amr ibn al-Hamaq stabbed him multiple times. Umayr ibn Dhabbi came, whose father had died in his prison, and he jumped upon him until he broke one of his ribs. His death was eighteen days before the end of Dhu al-Hijjah, and he remained in his house for three days. Then Hakim ibn Hizam and Jubayr ibn Mut'im came to Ali, and he permitted them to bury him. They left with him between Maghrib and Isha, accompanied by al-Zubayr, al-Hasan, Abu Juhm ibn Hudhayfah, and Marwan, and buried him in Hash al-Kawkab. Prayers were offered for him by Jubayr, while it was said it was Marwan, or Hakim. It is also said that some people confronted them to prevent them from praying over him, but Ali sent for them and reprimanded them. It is said that Ali and Talha attended his funeral, along with Zayd ibn Thabit and Ka'b ibn Malik.
Reference: Tarikh Ibn Khaldoon Book 2