Hadith No: 1
Al-Qurtubi - Tafsir al-Qurtubi - al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Quran - Aali 'Imran (Surah 3): 155
His statement, exalted be He: {Indeed, those who turned away among you on the day the two armies met, it was Satan who caused them to stumble because of some of what they had earned. And Allah had certainly forgiven them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing.}
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (230)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... His statement, exalted be He: {It was Satan who caused them to stumble (Aali 'Imran 3:155)} This clause is the news about {Indeed, those who turned away (Aali 'Imran 3:155)}. What is meant by turning away from the polytheists on the Day of Uhud, from 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and others, as al-Suddi said, is referring to those who fled to Medina at the time of defeat, not those who ascended the mountain. And it is said that this refers to specific individuals who delayed in joining the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) during their time of defeat for three days and then returned. The meaning of: {It was Satan who caused them to stumble (Aali 'Imran 3:155)} is that he provoked their error by reminding them of past sins they had committed, causing them to fear remaining steadfast lest they be killed.
- Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi mentioned Nasr ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim, who said: Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad narrated to us, saying: Al-Siraj narrated to us, saying: Qutaybah narrated to us, saying: Abu Bakr ibn Ghailan narrated to us from Jarir, that Uthman was in discussions with Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf. Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf said to him: "Do you insult me when I witnessed Badr and you did not? And you pledged allegiance under a tree while I did not?" And you were among those who turned away with those who turned away on the Day of Gathering, meaning the Day of Uhud. Uthman responded, saying: "As for your statement that I witnessed Badr and you did not, I did not miss anything that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) witnessed, except that the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) was ill, and I was with her, tending to her illness. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) assigned me a share in the shares of the Muslims. As for the pledge under the tree, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) sent me as a guardian over the polytheists in Mecca - a guardian is one who observes. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) placed His right hand over His left and said: "This is for Uthman," and the right and left hands of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) are better for me than my right and left. As for the Day of Gathering, {And Allah had certainly forgiven them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing (Aali 'Imran 3:155)} I was among those whom Allah forgave."

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Reference: Tafseer al-Qurtubbi Book 4

Hadith No: 2
Al-Qurtubi - Tafsir al-Qurtubi - al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Quran - Surah Al-Imran (3): 155
His statement, exalted be He: {Indeed, those who turned away among you on the day the two armies met were influenced by Satan because of some of what they had earned. And Allah has certainly forgiven them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing.}
Volume: (4) - Page Number: (230)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- As in Sahih al-Bukhari, who said: Abdān narrated to us, saying: Abu Hamzah narrated to us from Uthman ibn Muhriz, who said: A man came to perform Hajj to the House and saw some people sitting. He said: Who are these sitting? They said: These are Quraysh. He asked: Who is the elderly man? They said: Ibn Umar. So he went to him and said: I am going to ask you about something; will you talk to me? He said: I urge you by the sanctity of this House to tell me, do you know that Uthman ibn Affan fled on the day of Uhud? He said: Yes. He then asked: Do you know that he was absent from Badr and did not witness it? He said: Yes. The man continued: Do you know that he missed the Pledge of Ridwan and did not witness it? He said: Yes. Then he said: Allahu Akbar (Allah is the Greatest). Ibn Umar said: Come, let me tell you and clarify for you about what you asked me. As for his fleeing on the day of Uhud, bear witness that Allah forgave him. And as for his absence from Badr, it was because he was with the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) daughter, who was ill, and the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) said to him: You will have the reward of a man who witnessed Badr and its share. As for his absence from the Pledge of Ridwan, if there had been anyone more honored in the heart of Mecca than Uthman ibn Affan, he would have sent him in his place, but Uthman was sent.

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Reference: Tafseer al-Qurtubbi Book 4

Hadith No: 3
Al-Qurtubi - Tafsir al-Qurtubi - al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Quran - Ta-Ha: 120
His statement, exalted be He: {So Satan whispered to him, and said, "O Adam, shall I direct you to the Tree of Eternity and a kingdom that will not perish?"}
Volume: (11) - Page Number: (168)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... Ibn Umar used this to refute one who said to him: "Uthman fled on the day of Uhud." Ibn Umar replied, "Uthman has no fault, for Allah, the Exalted, has certainly forgiven him with His statement: {And Allah had indeed forgiven them. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing}" (Al-Imran 3:155).

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Reference: Tafseer al-Qurtubbi Book 11