Ahle Bayt Repo

عربي

The Bismillah

Hadith No: 1
Al-Hakim al-Nisaburi - Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihain
From the Book of Imamate and Congregational Prayer - Hadith on Reciting aloud with { In the Name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful }
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (232)
883 - And its corroborating evidence is what Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Ishaq al-Adl narrated to us in Baghdad, saying: Ibrahim ibn Ishaq ibn al-Sarraj narrated to us, saying: Uqbah ibn Mukram al-Dhabi narrated to us, saying: Yunus ibn Bakir narrated to us, from Mas'ar, from Muhammad ibn Qais from Abu Huraira, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) used to recite aloud with: { In the Name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful }.

Reference: Al-Mustadarak ala al-Saheehain Book 1
Hadith No: 2
Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri - Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihain
From the Book of Imamate and Congregational Prayer - Hadith on Reciting Aloud with {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (233)
884 - Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, saying: Al-Rabi' ibn Sulayman narrated to us, saying: al-Shafi'i narrated to us, saying: Abd al-Majid ibn Abd al-Aziz narrated to me from Ibn Jurayj, who said: Abdullah ibn Uthman ibn Kuthaym informed me that Abu Bakr ibn Hafs ibn Umar told him that Anas ibn Malik said: "Muawiya led a prayer in Medina and recited aloud, reading in it: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} for Umm al-Quran, but did not recite: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} for the surah that followed until he completed that reading. When he finished, those who heard it from the Emigrants and the Helpers called out to him from every direction: 'O Muawiya, was the prayer stolen or did you forget?' When he prayed again, he recited: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} for the surah after Umm al-Quran and he exclaimed Allahu Akbar (Allah is the Greatest) whenever he was about to bow in prostration." This is a sound hadith according to the criteria of Muslim, for he had authenticated Abd al-Majid ibn Abd al-Aziz and all the other narrators, who are agreed upon as being just. This serves as an explanation for the hadith of Shu'bah and others from Qatadah, despite his high status, that he would engage in tadlis and take from anyone. Although he included Qatadah's hadith in the authentic collection, there are also indications of its opposite, one of which is what we have mentioned, among others.

Reference: Al-Mustadarak ala al-Saheehain Book 1
Hadith No: 3
Al-Hakim al-Nisapouri - Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn
From the Book of Imamate and Congregational Prayer - Hadith on reciting aloud {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (233)
886 - Among them is what Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Hafiz narrated to us, saying: Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Sulayman ibn Dawud al-Mahri narrated to us, saying: Asbagh ibn al-Farj narrated to us, from Hatim ibn Isma'il, from Sharik ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Numm from Anas ibn Malik, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) reciting aloud {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}. The narrators of this hadith, from the beginning to the end, are all trustworthy.

Reference: Al-Mustadarak ala al-Saheehain Book 1
Hadith No: 4
Al-Hakim al-Nisapuri - Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihain
From the Book of Imamate and Congregational Prayer - Hadith on Reciting Aloud with {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (233)
887 - Abu Muhammad Abdul Rahman ibn Hamdan al-Jallab in Hamadan narrated to us, saying: Uthman ibn Khurazadh al-Antaki narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn Abi al-Siri al-Asqalani narrated to me, saying: I prayed behind al-Mu'tamir ibn Sulayman for more dawn and sunset prayers than I can count, and he would recite aloud with: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} before and after Al-Fatihah, and I heard al-Mu'tamir say: "I will not hesitate to follow my father's prayer." And my father said: "I will not hesitate to follow the prayer of Anas ibn Malik." And Anas ibn Malik said: "I will not hesitate to follow the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny)." The narrators of this hadith, from beginning to end, are trustworthy.

Reference: Al-Mustadarak ala al-Saheehain Book 1
Hadith No: 5
Al-Suyuti - al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran
Type Twenty-Two to Type Twenty-Seven: Knowledge of the Mutawatir, Mashhur, Ahad, Shadh, Mawdu, and Mudraj
Notes - The Mutawatir of the Origin and Parts of Everything that Is from the Quran
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (266 > 268)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... Abu Dawud, al-Hakim, al-Bayhaqi, and al-Bazzar narrated through the chain of Sa'id ibn Jubayr from Ibn Abbas, who said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) did not recognize the separation of a surah until the following was revealed to him: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}." Al-Bazzar added: "And when it was revealed, he knew that the surah had concluded and that another surah was beginning or being addressed."
- .... Al-Hakim also narrated from another source from Sa'id ibn Jubayr from Ibn Abbas, who said: "The Muslims did not know that a surah had ended until the following was revealed: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}. And when it was revealed, they knew that the surah had concluded." Its chain is on the condition of the Two Shaykhs.
- .... Al-Hakim also narrated from another source from Ibn Abbas: that when the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) was visited by Gabriel and he recited: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, he knew it was a surah. Its chain is sound, and al-Bayhaqi narrated it in al-Shu'ab and others.
- .... Ibn Mas'ud said: "We could not tell the separation between two surahs until the following was revealed: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}."
- .... Abu Shamah said: "It is possible that this was during the time he (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) presented (the Quran) to Gabriel, as he would continue to recite in the surah until Gabriel commanded him to do the naming, indicating that the surah had ended." He (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) used the term 'revealed' to imply that this was Quran in all the beginnings of the surahs, and it is possible that the intention was that all the verses of each surah were revealed before the revelation of the Basmala. When its verses were complete, Gabriel would descend with the Basmala and review the surah, so the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would know that it was complete and nothing would be added to it.
- .... Ibn Khuzaymah and al-Bayhaqi narrated with a sound chain
from Ibn Abbas, who said: "The seven oft-repeated (ayat) are the Opening of the Book." It was asked, "What is the seventh?" He replied: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}."
- .... al-Daraqtuni narrated with a sound chain
from Ali, who was asked about the seven oft-repeated and said: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}. "It was said to him, 'But this is only six verses,' to which he replied: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} is a verse."
- .... al-Wahidi narrated from another source
from Nafi' from Ibn Umar, who said: "The phrase {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} was revealed in every surah."
- .... al-Bayhaqi narrated from a reliable source
from Nafi' from Ibn Umar that he used to recite in prayer: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, and when he finished the surah, he would recite it and say, "It was written in the manuscript only to be recited."
- .... al-Daraqtuni narrated with a sound chain
from Abu Huraira, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) said, 'When you recite the Opening (Surat al-Fatiha), recite: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, for it is the Mother of the Quran, the Mother of the Book, the seven oft-repeated, and {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} is one of its verses.'"
- .... Muslim narrated
from Anas, who said: "One day, while the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) was among us, he dozed off for a moment, then raised his head, smiling, and said, 'A surah was just revealed to me,' and he recited: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} @ Indeed, We have given you, [O Muhammad], Al-Kawthar (Surah Al-Kawthar 108:1)}."
- .... TheseHadiths provide meaningful mutawatir evidence that they are revealed Quran in the beginnings of the surahs. One issue concerning this principle is what Imam Fakhr al-Din al-Razi mentioned: "It was reported in some old books that Ibn Mas'ud used to deny that Surah al-Fatiha and the two chapters of seeking refuge (Surah al-Nas and Surah al-Falaq) were part of the Quran," which is extremely difficult. If we say that the mutawatir transmission was established in the era of the companions, it would mean they are part of the Quran, and his denial would necessitate disbelief."

Reference: Al-Itqaan fi Uloom al-Quran Book 1
Hadith No: 6
Al-Shawkani - Nail al-Awtar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbar
Chapters on the Description of Prayer - Chapter on what was narrated regarding { In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful }
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (232) - Footnote: 1
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... Al-Shafi'i narrated with his chain of transmission from Anas ibn Malik, who said: Muawiya led the people in prayer in Medina, during which he recited aloud, but he did not read: { In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful } nor did he perform takbir in bowing and rising. When he finished, the Emigrants and the Helpers called out to him, "O Muawiya, your prayer is incomplete! Where is: { In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful } and where is the takbir when you bow and rise?" So, whenever he prayed with them thereafter, he would recite: { In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful } and perform takbir. Al-Hakim also narrated this in Al-Mustadrak and said: It is sahih (authentic) according to the criteria of Muslim. Al-Khatib mentioned it from Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, Uthman, Ubayy ibn Kab, Abu Qatadah, Abu Sa'id, Anas, Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa, Shaddad ibn Aws, Abdullah ibn Ja'far, Husayn ibn Ali, and Muawiya.
- .... A number of the People of the House held the view of reciting it aloud in both silent and audible prayers. Al-Khatib mentioned
from Ikrimah that he would not pray behind one who did not recite the bismillah aloud, and a similar view was reported from Abu Ja'far al-Hashimi. This was also the position of Al-Shafi'i and his companions, and it was conveyed from Malik that he considered it to be recited in voluntary prayers in the Opening of the Book and in all other surahs of the Quran.

Reference: Nayl al-Awtaar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbaar Book 2
Hadith No: 7
Al-Shawkani - Nail al-Awtar Sharh Muntqa al-Akhbar
Chapters on the Description of Prayer - Chapter on What Was Narrated Regarding { In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful }
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (232) - Footnote: 2
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... And there is a difference of opinion among them regarding whether it is an verse of al-Fatiha only, or of every surah, or not a verse at all. Ibn Abbas, Ibn Umar, Ibn az-Zubair, Tawus, Ata, Makhlul, Ibn Mubarak, and a group of others held that it is a verse of al-Fatiha and of every surah except Bara'ah.
- .... It was also reported from Ahmad, Ishaq, Abu Ubaid, a group of the people of Kufa and Mecca, and most of the Iraqis. Al-Khattabi narrated it from Abu Huraira and Sa'id ibn Jubayr, and al-Bayhaqi recorded it in the Khalafiyat with his chain of transmission from Ali ibn Abi Talib, al-Zuhri, and Sufyan al-Thawri. He also mentioned in al-Sunan al-Kubra that Ibn Abbas and Muhammad ibn Kab considered it a verse of al-Fatiha only.

Reference: Nayl al-Awtaar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbaar Book 2
Hadith No: 8
Al-Shawkani - Nayl al-Awtar Sharh Muntqa al-Akhbar
Chapters on the Description of Prayer - Chapter on What Was Narrated Regarding {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (233 > 239) - Footnote: 3
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
- .... Among them is what al-Nasa'i narrated from the hadith of Abu Huraira, with the wording: Na'im al-Mujmir said: "I prayed behind Abu Huraira, and he recited: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} and then recited the Mother of the Book." In it, it is mentioned: "And he would say, after he completed the prayer, 'By the One in whose hand is my soul, I am indeed the most similar among you in prayer to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny).'" Ibn Khuzaymah, Ibn Hibban, and al-Hakim authenticated this hadith and said: It is on the condition of Bukhari and Muslim. Al-Bayhaqi said: Its chain is authentically narrated, and it has supporting evidence. Abu Bakr al-Khatib said regarding it: It is established and authentic, and there is no valid reason to doubt it.
- .... From Abu Huraira also: narrated by al-Daraqutni, that the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would open his recitation when leading the people with: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}. Al-Daraqutni said: The men in its chain are all trustworthy.
- .... And also: from Abu Huraira, narrated by al-Daraqutni, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) said, "When you recite Al-Hamd (the opening chapter), recite: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, for it is the Mother of the Qur'an, the Mother of the Book, the Seven Oft-Repeated Verses, and {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} is one of its signs." Al-Yamri said: All of its narrators are trustworthy, except that Nu'ayh ibn Abi Bilal, who narrated it from Sa'id ibn Abi Sa'id al-Maqbari from Abu Huraira, was uncertain about it, sometimes raising it and other times stopping at it. Al-Hafiz said: This chain has trustworthy narrators, and more than one of the imams authenticated its stopping as valid, while Ibn al-Qattan deemed it weak due to Nu'ayh's uncertainty and Ibn al-Jawzi criticized it because of Abd al-Hamid ibn Ja'far, as there are issues regarding him. However, Nu'ayh's follow-up strengthens it.
- .... From Ali also, with the wording: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would recite: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} in his prayer." Narrated by al-Daraqutni, who said: This is an Alawi chain, and there is nothing wrong with it. There is another narration from him in similar wording.
- .... From Samurah, who said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) had two brief pauses: one pause when he read {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} and a pause when he finished the recitation." Imran ibn al-Husayn denied this, so they wrote to Ubayy ibn Ka'b, who replied, "If Samurah is truthful." Narrated by al-Daraqutni, and its chain is good, although the hadith was also narrated by al-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, and others with the wording: "A pause when he begins and a pause when he finishes the chapter."
-
From Anas, who said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would raise his voice in recitation with {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}." Narrated by al-Daraqutni as well, and there is another path from Anas in al-Daraqutni and al-Hakim with the same meaning.
- ....
From Anas also, with the wording: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) raising his voice with {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}." Narrated by al-Hakim, who said: All its narrators are trustworthy.
- .... Al-Tabarani narrated this hadith in al-Kabir and al-Awsat,
and from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would raise his voice with {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, and the polytheists would mock him with clapping and whistling, saying, 'Muhammad is mentioning the God of Yamamah,' while Musaylimah the liar was called the Most Gracious.' Then Allah revealed: (And do not raise your voice in your prayer) (Surah al-Isra 17:110), so you may be heard by the polytheists who mock you, but do not be quiet in the presence of your companions, lest they do not hear you." Ibn Jubayr narrated this from Ibn Abbas. Al-Nisayburi mentioned it in al-Tayseer. This is a good collection if it is correct that this was the reason for ceasing to raise his voice. In Majma' al-Zawa'id wa Manba' al-Fawa'id, it was said that its narrators are trustworthy.
- ....
From Qatadah, who said: "Anas was asked, 'How was the recitation of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny)?' He replied: 'It was prolonged,' and then he recited: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} prolonging {In the Name of Allah} and prolonging {the Most Gracious} and prolonging {the Most Merciful}." Narrated by al-Bukhari. The hadith was also narrated by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, al-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah without mentioning the basmala, which indicates the permissibility of reciting the basmala and that the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would prolong his recitation in both the basmala and others.
688 - Ibn Jarir narrated from Abdullah ibn Abi Miliqah
from Umm Salamah, who was asked about the recitation of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), and she said: "He would separate his recitation, verse by verse, with: {Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds @ the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful @ Sovereign of the Day of Judgment @ You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help} (Surah al-Fatihah 1:1-4). Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawud.
- .... Al-Daraqutni narrated from Ibn Abi Miliqah
from Umm Salamah, that the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) would recite: {Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds @ the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful @ Sovereign of the Day of Judgment @ You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help @ Guide us on the Straight Path @ the path of those You have favored, not of those who have evoked anger or of those who are astray} (Surah al-Fatihah 1:1-7), and he would separate it, verse by verse, counting them like the counting of a Bedouin, and would count {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} as a verse, but would not count it among them. Al-Yamri said: Its narrators are trustworthy, and Ibn Khuzaymah and al-Hakim also narrated it from this perspective. In its chain is Umar ibn Harun al-Balkhi, and al-Hafiz said: "He is weak." However, he has been deemed trustworthy, so al-Yamri's statement that its narrators are trustworthy is correct. The hadith indicates that the basmala is a verse and has been used as evidence by those who say that it is recommended to recite the basmala aloud in prayer, as we mentioned in the explanation of the previous hadith, and a detailed discussion on this was provided at the beginning of the chapter.

Reference: Nayl al-Awtaar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbaar Book 2
Hadith No: 9
Al-Shawkani - Nail al-Awtar, Explanation of Muntaqa al-Akhbar
Chapters on the Description of Prayer - Section on the Basmala: Is it part of Al-Fatihah and the Beginning of the Surahs or Not?
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (241 > 243) - Footnote: 1
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
691 - Narrated from Anas, who said: While the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) was one day among us in the mosque, he dozed off and then raised his head, smiling. We said to him, "What makes you smile, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "A surah was revealed to me just now," and he recited: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. @ Indeed, We have granted you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar. @ So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone]. @ Indeed, your enemy is the one cut off} (Al-Kawthar 108:1-3). Then he said, "Do you know what al-Kawthar is?" He mentioned the rest of the hadith. Ahmad, Muslim, and an-Nasa'i narrated it. The full hadith: We said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He replied, "It is a river that my Lord, Mighty and Majestic be He, promised me. It contains much good, and it is a basin to which my ummah will return on the Day of Resurrection, its vessels numbered like the stars in the sky. A servant among them will be jostled away, and I will say, 'My Lord, he is one of my ummah.'" He will reply, "You do not know what he innovated after you." This hadith is among the evidence of those who affirmed the Basmala, and those previously mentioned have already been noted. Among their proofs of its affirmation is what is found in the mushafs of it without distinction, just as they distinguished the names of the surahs and the number of verses with red or other colors that differ from the appearance of the written text of the Qur'an.
692 - Narrated from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) did not recognize the separation of a surah until the verse was revealed to him: {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.} Abu Dawood narrated it. The hadith was also mentioned by al-Hakim, who confirmed it according to their criteria. Abu Dawood also reported it in the Marasil from Sa'id ibn Jubair, saying, "The marfu' narration is more reliable." Al-Dhahabi stated in his summary of al-Mustadrak after mentioning the hadith from Ibn Abbas, "This is indeed established." Al-Haythami said, "Al-Bazzar narrated it with two chains, one of which has men of sound reliability." The hadith: is cited as evidence by those who assert that the Basmala is part of the Qur'an, and those previously mentioned have been noted. This conclusion is based on the assumption that the mere revelation of the Basmala implies its status as part of the Qur'an.

Reference: Nayl al-Awtaar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbaar Book 2
Hadith No: 10
Al-Daraqutni - Sunan al-Daraqutni - Book of Prayer
Chapter on the Obligation of Reciting: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} in Prayer and Uttering It Aloud, and the Differences in Narrations on This Matter
Volume: (2) - Page Number: (80)
1182 - narrated to us: Ibrahim ibn Hammad, who said: Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Shakir narrated to us, who said: Afan narrated to us, who said: Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, from Humayd, from al-Hasan from Samurah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) had two pauses: one pause when he recited: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful}, and a pause when he finished the recitation. Ibn Qais al-Hadrami found this objectionable, so they wrote to Ubayy ibn Ka'b, and he replied that Samurah spoke the truth.

Reference: Sunan Aldaaraqtani Book 2
Hadith No: 11
Ibn Abd al-Barr - al-Insaf
Mentioning what he used as an argument, regarding those who preferred to recite {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} aloud, from the narrated traditions about the Prophet ...
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (284)
- What al-Shafi'i mentioned, he said: Abdul-Majid ibn Abdul-Aziz narrated to us, saying: Ibn Jurayj narrated to me, from Abdullah ibn Uthman ibn Kuthaym, that Abu Bakr ibn Hafs ibn Umar ibn Sa'd informed him that Anas ibn Malik informed him, saying: Muawiyah led a prayer in Medina in which he recited aloud, but he did not say: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} nor did he raise his hands in humble submission or in exaltation. When he finished, the Emigrants and the Helpers called out to him: O Muawiyah, you have diminished the prayer! Where is: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} and where is the takbir when you bow and rise? So, when he prayed with them after that, he recited: {In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} and performed the takbir.

Reference: Insaf Book 1