Ahle Bayt Repo

عربي

Umar played with the five

Hadith No: 1

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:

The Prophet (s.a.w.a.) concluded a contract with the people of Khaibar to utilize the land on the condition that half the products of fruits or vegetation would be their share. The Prophet (s.a.w.a.) used to give his wives one hundred Wasqs each, eighty Wasqs of dates and twenty Wasqs of barley. (When `Umar became the Caliph) he gave the wives of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.) the option of either having the land and water as their shares, or carrying on the previous practice. Some of them chose the land and some chose the Wasqs, and `Aisha chose the land.


Reference: Saheeh al-Bukhari Book 41 Tradition No. 9
Hadith No: 2

Ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported:

Allah's Messenger (s.a.w.a.) handed over the land of Khaibar (on the condition) of the share of produce of fruits and harvest, and he also gave to his wives every year one hundred wasqs: eighty wasqs of dates and twenty wasqs of barley. When 'Umar became the caliph he distributed the (lands and trees) of Khaibar, and gave option to the wives of Allah's Apostle (s.a.w.a.) to earmark for themselves the land and water or stick to the wasqs (that they got) every year. They differed in this matter. Some of them opted for land and water, and some of them opted for wasqs every year. 'A'isha and Hafsa were among those who opted for land and water.


Reference: Saheeh Muslim Book 22 Tradition No. 2
Hadith No: 3

It has been narrated by 'Urwa b Zubair on the authority of 'A'isha, wife of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.), that Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.), requested Abu Bakr, after the death of the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him), that he should set apart her share from what the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.) had left from the properties that God had bestowed upon him. Abu Bakr said to her:

The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.) said:" We do not have any heirs; what we leave behind is Sadaqa (charity)." The narrator said: She (Fatima) lived six months after the death of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.) and she used to demand from Abu Bakr her share from the legacy of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.) from Khaibar, Fadak and his charitable endowments at Medina. Abu Bakr refused to give her this, and said: I am not going to give up doing anything which the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.) used to do. I am afraid that it I go against his instructions in any matter I shall deviate from the right course. So far as the charitable endowments at Medina were concerned, 'Umar handed them over to 'Ali and Abbas, but 'Ali got the better of him (and kept the property under his exclusive possession). And as far as Khaibar and Fadak were concerned 'Umar kept them with him, and said: These are the endowments of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.a.) (to the Umma). Their income was spent on the discharge of the responsibilities that devolved upon him on the emergencies he had to meet. And their management was to be in the hands of one who managed the affairs (of the Islamic State). The narrator said: They have been managed as such up to this day.


Reference: Saheeh Muslim Book 32 Tradition No. 63
Hadith No: 4
Ahmad ibn Hanbal - Musnad Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal
Musnad of the Ten Promised Paradise - Musnad of the Rightly Guided Caliphs - Musnad of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (ra)
Volume: (1) - Page Number: (6)
26 - Yaqub narrated to us, who said: My father narrated to us, from Salih, who said Ibn Shuhab narrated to me, from Urwah ibn al-Zubair, that Aisha (ra), the wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), informed him that Fatimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), asked Abu Bakr (ra) after the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) to divide her inheritance from what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) left behind, from what Allah had bestowed on him. Abu Bakr (ra) said to her, "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) said, 'We do not inherit what we leave behind; it is charity.'" Fatimah (peace be upon her) became angry, and she boycotted Abu Bakr (ra), continuing her boycott until she died. He said she lived for six months after the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny). He continued: Fatimah (ra) would ask Abu Bakr for her share of what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) left behind from Khaybar, Fadak, and his charity in Medina, but Abu Bakr refused her that and said, "I will not abandon anything that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) was doing, except that I will do it as well, and I fear that if I leave anything from his matter, I may go astray." As for his charity in Medina, Umar handed it over to Ali and Abbas, and Ali overwhelmed him in it. As for Khaybar and Fadak, Umar (ra) retained them, saying, "They are the charity of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny)," and they were for his rights that would come to him and his needs, and their matter was to be left to whoever took over the leadership. He said they remain in that state to this day.

Reference: Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Book 1
Hadith No: 5
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani - Fath al-Bari Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari
Book of Sharecropping - Chapter on Sharecropping for Half and the Like
Volume: (5) - Page Number: (11)
[The text is lengthy, so only the relevant excerpt is provided here]
... His statement: (And Umar divided): .... in other words, Khaybar; Ahmad explicitly stated this in his narration from Ibn Numayr from Ubaydullah ibn Umar ....

Reference: Fath al-Baari fi Sharh Saheeh al-Bukhari Book 5
Hadith No: 6

‘Abd Allah bin ‘Umar reported that ‘Umar said “When Khaibar was conquered, the Jews asked the Apostle of Allaah(s) to confirm that they would do all the cultivation and have half the produce. The Apostle of Allaah(s) said “I shall confirm you on that condition as long as we wish. So they were confirmed on that (condition). The dates from half the produce of Khaibar were divided into a number of portions. The Apostle of Allaah(s) would take the fifth. The Apostle of Allaah(s) used to contribute from the fifth one hundred wasqs of dates and twenty wasqs of wheat to each of his wives. When ‘Umar intended to expel the Jews from Khaibar he sent a message to the wives of the Prophet (s.a.w.a.) and said to them “If any of you wishes that I divide the palm trees for her by their assessment that amounts one hundred wasqs (of dates) and to her belongs their root, their land and their water and (likewise) twenty wasqs from the produce of the cultivated land by assessment, I shall (do that). And if any of you wishes that we take out her portion from the fifth, we shall do (that).


Reference: Sunan Abi Dawood Book 20 Tradition No. 81
Hadith No: 7
Al-Nasa'i - al-Sunan al-Kubra - Book of the Division of the Khums - Chapter
Volume: (4) - Page: (330)
4429 - Amr ibn al-Harith narrated to us, saying: Mahbub ibn Musa narrated to us, saying: Abu Ishaq al-Fazari narrated to us, saying: Sufyan narrated from Qais ibn Muslim: I asked al-Hasan ibn Muhammad about the قول of Allah: {And know that whatever of war booty you obtain - then indeed, it is for Allah and the Messenger} (Al-Anfal 8:41) He said: This is the key to God's words regarding this world and the Hereafter. He said that they disagreed about these two shares after the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny), the share of the Messenger and the share of his Near Ones. Some said: The share of the Messenger is for the caliph after him. Others said: The share of the Near Ones is for the relatives of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny). Yet another said: The share of the Near Ones is for the relatives of the caliph. They all eventually agreed to place these two shares in horses and equipment in the way of Allah. Thus, this was during the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar.

Reference: Al-Sunan al-Kubra Book 4
Hadith No: 8
Al-Tabari - Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ayae al-Quran - Surah Al-Anfal (8): 41 - Interpretation of His Statement, exalted be He:
{And know that whatever you obtain of war booty - then indeed, it is for Allah and the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the traveler.}
Volume: (11) - Page: (196)
- Ibn Bashar narrated to us, who said: Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, who said: Sufyan narrated to us, from Qais ibn Muslim, who said: I asked al-Hasan about Allah's statement: {And know that whatever you obtain of war booty - then indeed, it is for Allah and the Messenger (Al-Anfal 8:41)}. He said: This is the key to Allah's speech about this world and the Hereafter. Then the people differed regarding these two shares after the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his holy progeny). Some said: The share of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) is for the relatives of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny). Others said: The share of the relatives is for the relatives of the Caliph. They all agreed that these two shares should be placed in horses and equipment in the way of Allah. So it remained like that during the caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them).

Reference: Tafseer al-Tabari Book 11
Hadith No: 9
Al-Tabari - Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ayae al-Quran - Surah Al-Anfal (8): 41 - Explanation of His Statement, exalted be His mention:
{And know that whatever you obtain of war booty, then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the traveler.}
Volume: (11) - Page: (197)
- Ibn Waki' narrated to us, who said: Umar bin Ubayd narrated to us, from al-A'mash from Ibrahim, who said: Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) used to place the سهم (share) of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his holy progeny) in the leg armor and weapons. So I said to Ibrahim: What would Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) say about it? He replied: Ali was the most adamant of them in this matter.

Reference: Tafseer al-Tabari Book 11
Hadith No: 10
Ibn Abi Shaybah - Al-Kitab al-Musannaf fi al-Ahadith wa al-Athar
Kitab al-Siyar - Sahm Dhawi al-Qurba liman Huwa
Volume: (6) - Page: (516)
33450 - Abd al-Rahim ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, from al-Zuhri and Muhammad ibn Ali, from Yazid ibn Harmuz: that Najdah wrote to Ibn Abbas asking him about the share of the Dhawi al-Qurba (Relatives of the Prophet) and to whom it belonged. He wrote back, "You wrote to ask me about the share of the Dhawi al-Qurba, and it is for us." He said, "Indeed, Umar ibn al-Khattab called us to the arrangement that we could marry from it any of our unmarried women, serve our needy families from it, and settle the debts of our indebted ones with it. However, we refused this unless he would hand it over to us completely." But he refused to do so, so we left it at that."

Reference: Al-Musannaf Book 6
Hadith No: 11
Al-Bayhaqi - Sunan al-Kubra - Book on the Division of Fay' and Ghanimah
Compilation of Chapters on the Distribution of Khums - Chapter on the Share of Dhul-Qurba from Khums
Volume: (6) - Page: (561)
12965 - Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz narrated to us, saying: Abu al-Tayyib Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Zahid narrated to us from his original book, saying: Sahl ibn Ammar al-Ataki narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Harun, who said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq narrated to me, from Muhammad ibn Ali Abu Ja'far, whom I think was narrating, and al-Zuhri, from Yazid, meaning Ibn Harmuz, who said: Najdah, meaning al-Haruri, wrote to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) asking him about the share of the Near Ones (Dhul-Qurba) and to whom it belongs. Ibn Abbas replied: "You wrote to me asking about the share of the Near Ones. It is for us and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to invite us to marry from it those of our women who were single, to have our dependents serve from it, and to settle debts on our behalf from it. But we refused anything except that he entrust it to us, and he refused to do so, so we left him."

Reference: Al-Sunan al-Kubra Book 6